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SRM University-AP publishes as the lead author among 21 co-authors from 13 countries February 14, 2022
“Progress in Alternative Strategies to Combat Antimicrobial Resistance: Focus on Antibiotics” is a paper authored by Prof Jayaseelan Murugaiyan, Professor & Head, Department of Biological Sciences at SRM University-AP and his research scholar Ms Saranya Adukkadukkam, in Antibiotics Journal, having an impact factor of 4.639. It is a remarkable achievement that our university served as the first and the corresponding authors of this paper published in association with “Global AMR Insights Ambassadors Network”. A total of 21 co-authors from 13 countries (India, UK, France, The Netherlands, Switzerland, Italy, Spain, Ukraine, Lebanon, Egypt, Uganda, Bangladesh, and Nigeria) and six Indian universities (including SRM AP) participated in this work.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) – the ability of microorganisms to survive antimicrobials – is a global healthcare concern. AMR contributes to 1.27 million deaths among the 4.95 million deaths associated with bacterial AMR. If no control measures are taken, it is estimated that by 2050, it will claim the lives of 300 million people. The rise of these “superbug bacteria’s” – means that trivial medical interventions will soon become once again high-risk since no efficient antimicrobial chemotherapy is available. It is, therefore, crucial to understand the current situation and identify alternatives to combat the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance. This paper comprehensively discusses the alternative approaches that can be effectively utilised to combat AMR and, at the same time, without inducing further resistance among the pathogens. The paper has great social implications in making society aware of the scenario and encouraging the researchers to focus on alternative strategies to combat AMR.

Abstract of the paper: Antibiotic resistance, and, in a broader perspective, antimicrobial resistance (AMR), continues to evolve and spread beyond all boundaries. As a result, infectious diseases have become more challenging or even impossible to treat, leading to an increase in morbidity and mortality. Despite the failure of conventional, traditional antimicrobial therapy, in the past two decades, no novel class of antibiotics has been introduced. Consequently, several novel alternative strategies to combat these (multi-) drug-resistant infectious microorganisms have been identified. The purpose of this review is to gather and consider the strategies that are being applied or proposed as potential alternatives to traditional antibiotics. These strategies include combination therapy, techniques that target the enzymes or proteins responsible for antimicrobial resistance, resistant bacteria, drug delivery systems, physicochemical methods, and unconventional techniques, including the CRISPR-Cas system. These alternative strategies may have the potential to change the treatment of multi-drug-resistant pathogens in human clinical settings.

Global AMR Insight Ambassador Network: AMR Insights, an international network-based organisation interacting with professionals around the globe: in Human and Veterinary Health, Agri-food and Environment, was set up in 2017 following an in-depth feasibility study towards a new information platform on AMR. It mainly focuses on informing, educating and connecting people with the aim to curb antimicrobial resistance. Prof Jayaseelan Murugaiyan and Ms Saranya Adukkadukkam are members of the Global AMR Insights Ambassador Network.

Ms Saranya Adukkadukkam, the co-author from SRM AP says:

The guidance of Prof Jayaseelan Murugaiyan is the pillar of my research. His support and passion for research always encourage me. He gives importance to translational research and motivates me to stand unique in the field. He shows me a path where I can serve the people through research. Foreseeing my future as a scientist, he guides me to more opportunities to collaborate with international scientists. I feel proud of my mentor Prof Jayaseelan Murugaiyan for letting me fly. Also, I thank SRM University-AP for providing generous fellowship, excellent research facilities and ambience to carry out the research.

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Budget Panel Discussion 2022-23 February 10, 2022
The Department of Economics of SRM University-AP, Andhra Pradesh, conducted a Panel Discussion on February 09, 2022, for the much needed and relevant in-depth analysis of the Union Budget proposed by the Finance Minister in the parliament on February 01, 2022.

Professor Bandi Kamaiah was the moderator of the event, and Dr Anandarao Suvvari, the faculty coordinator of the Department of Economics in the University, organised this discussion, inviting four eminent public finance economists of India, Prof N R Bhanu Murthy, Vice-Chancellor, BASE University, Bengaluru; Prof K R Shanmugam, Director, Madras School of Economics, Chennai; Prof K Gayathri, Professor, Institute for Social and Economic Change (ISEC), Bengaluru; Dr Shri Hari Naidu, Economist, National Institute of Public Finance and Policy (NIPFP), New Delhi. The co-convenors of the event were Dr Ghanshyam Pandey, Dr Manzoor Hassan Malik, Dr Kamal Sai Erra, Dr Hari Venkatesh from the Department of Economics SRM-AP.

The discussion started with a brief overview and essence of the Union budget by Dr Anandarao Suvvari, followed by Prof Bandi Kamaiah. Then first panellist Prof N R Bhanu Murthy, who our Indian Finance Minister also quoted, spoke about how the current budget is a continuation of the previous budget and emphasised more on the capital expenditure, which is the route to growth. He highlighted that the government should bring efficiency in public expenditure and expressed that the public policymakers side-lined the public debt number to GDP ratio at both central and state levels. An issue identified by Prof Murthy was bringing in many commodities under the customs tariff line and how doing this will have a negative impact on the exports. Further, he mentioned the ignorance towards the health and education sectors by a reduction in the allocation of expenditure for the same.

The second panellist Prof K R Shanmugam, gave a very detailed look at the budget, sector by sector, pointing out the benefits and the concerns related to each of them. He gave us a brief look at how the Indian economy has been doing for the past few years and gave an analysis taking this into consideration and stated that the budget had provided necessary fiscal stimuli through an increase in capital expenditure for the revival of the economy.

The third panellist Prof K Gayathri highlighted the philosophy of policy implications of budget and the need for a continuous process for analysing it. She also focused on the need for scientificity for estimates and the need for a sustainable approach for the budget. She pointed out that the current budget was future-looking in line with the vision for India 100 and that it put thorough emphasis on capacity building inclusive development by involving all stakeholders and modern infrastructure while expressing concern over effective implementation of policies.

The final panellist, Dr Shri Hari Naidu, discussed the revenue side of the budget thoroughly while focusing on the new taxation regime, other and legitimising crypto assets and digital Indian currency. In addition to this, Dr Naidu commented on the budget that the tax GDP ratio has been stagnant for the past two decades also, it has not been addressed in the budget, and despite the fact that there were a lot of tax reforms, the tax bases needed to be expanded.

After individual reviews by the panellists, questions posed by the students and the co-convenors were answered, followed by an interactive and engaging discussion among panellists, moderator, convenor and co-convenors on various issues spanning from the way of analysing the budget, trade-offs between debt and capital expenditure, debt sustainability, control mechanisms, the process of allocation, outcome evaluation or impact of the budget and the need for reality and effectiveness of planned budget on the ground level.

The session, after a thorough discussion on the union budget, was concluded by a vote of thanks proposed by Asst. Prof. Dr Hari Venkatesh to the esteemed panellists, moderator, convenor, co-convenors and all the people who made this session successful for contributing their precious time and valued efforts.
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Dr Azizuddin Khan deliberated upon Medication Adherence February 5, 2022
Department of Psychology, SRM University, AP-Andhra Pradesh organised a guest lecture on the topic “Prospective Memory and Aging in Medication Adherence: An Experimental Investigation” on January 27, 2022, from 3:30 to 4:30 pm. Dr Azizuddin Khan, Professor, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology-Mumbai, attended the session as the eminent speaker.

The session started with a brief introduction of Prof Khan by Mrs Ayesha Parveen Haroon, Lecturer, Department of Psychology. Thereafter, Prof Khan delivered his lecture wherein he deliberated upon the medical adherence, aging and prospective memory as well as the factors affecting medical adherence. Specifically, he emphasised the effect of memory and intellectual abilities on medical adherence. Following Prof Khan’s presentation, the questions raised by the audience were communicated to Prof Khan by Dr Aehsan Ahmad Dar, Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology. Prof Khan provided interesting insights on the questions raised. The programme ended with the vote of thanks delivered by Dr Ninad Patwardhan, Assistant Professor and Faculty Coordinator, Department of Psychology.
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Dr Aqsa Agha receives the South Asia Public Health Fellowship February 5, 2022
Dr Aqsa Agha, Assistant Professor, the Department of History, has been awarded the South Asia Public Health Fellowship Project by The Institute of Public Health (India) in collaboration with the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. As the South Asia Public Health Fellow-India, Dr Agha is expected to conduct research on the ethics of the tobacco industry and submit the report over a period of 8 months, i.e. from December 01, 2021, to July 31, 2022. She has been granted an amount of USD 6660 to carry out the project.

Along with producing a quality case study on India focusing on industry interferences promoting the tobacco epidemic and undermining public policies related to tobacco control, the project entails drafting the regional report on South Asia. It will bring together country-level case studies and implications between December-May, 2022, engaging in the dissemination of the country-level case studies with relevant stakeholders in June-July 2022.

Article 5.3 of the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC) acts as a treaty for ratified countries to protect their citizens against the commercial and vested interests of the tobacco industry as per guidelines laid down in the said article. Countries of South Asia, including India, have signed and fully ratified this treaty in the early 2000s. However, the lack of robust national policies and continued influence of the tobacco industry perpetuates the tobacco epidemic, as established in the available literature. Given each country’s mandate to protect the health of its citizens, there is a growing need to understand issues of tobacco industry interferences that undermine public policies meant to protect its population. The South Asian Public Health Fellowship is an initiative to generate knowledge regarding issues of tobacco industry interference not only in India but in other countries of South Asia (i.e., Nepal, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh) to better understand such issues from a regional perspective.

Dr Aqsa Agha holds a PhD in History from the Centre for Historical Studies, JNU. She is also the Project Head of Unnat Bharat Abhiyan at SRM University-AP. Before joining SRM University-AP, Dr Agha was a Consultant with Partners in Change, New Delhi and prepared a report titled “Status of Corporate Responsibility in India, 2020”, focusing on corporate responsibility and ethical business practices. Prior to that, she worked as a Research Officer for National Research Study on Human Trafficking in India at TISS, Mumbai. Before TISS, she worked with the Human Rights Defenders’ Alert- India on human rights violations on the India-Bangladesh border in West Bengal. Along with teaching, she has consulted with organisations, including the Centre for Equity Studies, New Delhi, where she conducted sessions with grassroots activists to effectively observe, analyse and document reality through participatory research. Her broader research interest lies in historical processes and their impact on the social locations of class, caste and gender.
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Advanced research on secure transmission of medical images February 5, 2022
SRM University-AP promotes translational research that can add value to society making lives better. Following the tradition, Dr Priyanka Singh, Assistant Professor and her PhD student Ms Jyothsna Devi from the Department of Computer Science and Engineering have published their recent research work “Region-based Hybrid Medical Image Watermarking Scheme for Robust and Secured Transmission in IoMT” in ‘IEEE Access journal’ (Impact Factor of 3.36).

Dr Priyanka’s research focuses on the healthcare industry that is rapidly transforming medical images into ones that operate in real-time environments (IoMT, IoT, Cloud and so on). The research is proposed to address security and integrity issues in medical image transmission on IoT and edge healthcare applications with a lossless reversible region-based MIW scheme.

In this era of technological advancement, medical images and patient information are widely transmitted through a public transmission channel on the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) applications. While sharing medical images or electronic patient records (EPR) through a public network, they can get tampered with or manipulated, leading to the wrong diagnosis by the medical consultants. Confidentiality of the patient record is also a major concern. Thus, it is very important to ensure the authenticity, authorisation, integrity, and confidentiality of the information during transmission.

ABSTRACT:

With the growth in Internet and digital technology, the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) and Telemedicine have become buzzwords in healthcare. A large number of medical images and information are shared through a public network in these applications. This paper proposes a region-based hybrid Medical Image Watermarking (MIW) scheme to ensure the authenticity, authorisation, integrity, and confidentiality of the medical images transmitted through a public network in IoMT. In the proposed scheme, the medical image is segmented into Region of Interest (RoI) and Region of Non-Interest (RoNI).

RoI tamper detection and recovery bits are embedded in RoI to ensure the integrity of the medical image. RoI is watermarked using adaptive Least Significant Bit (LSB) substitution with respect to the hiding capacity map for higher RoI imperceptibility and accuracy in tamper detection and recovery. Electronic Patient Record (EPR) is compressed using Huffman coding and encrypted using a pseudo-random key (secret key) to provide higher confidentiality and payload. Encrypted EPR, QR code of hospital logo and RoI recovery bits are embedded in RoNI using Discrete Wavelet Transform-Singular Value Decomposition (DWT-SVD) hybrid transforms to achieve a robust watermark.

The proposed scheme is tested under various geometric and non-geometric attacks such as filtering, compression, rotation, salt and pepper noise and shearing. The evaluation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme has high imperceptibility, robustness, security, payload, tamper detection, and recovery accuracy under image processing attacks. Therefore, the proposed scheme can be used in the transmission of medical images and EPR in IoMT. The relevance of the proposed scheme is established by its superior performance in comparison to some of the popular existing schemes.
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Startup incubated by BBA student crosses ₹1 crore turnover February 2, 2022
Mr Lakshman Thatikonda, a 3rd year BBA student of SRM University-AP, has started his own business venture (TalentCrew), incubated at the Hatchlab Research Centre– The technology and livelihood business incubator of SRM University-AP.

The talent crew is a skill-based startup. They are one of India’s largest multi-category customised gifting companies, providing one of the best-curated collections of festival merchandise, gifts, handicrafts, wedding cards, carvings & personalised products for all occasions & festivals. TalentCrew has a global footprint with customers spanning 20 plus countries and the capability to deliver gifts to over 50 countries and 300 plus cities in India. Mr Lakshman started this organisation on the principles of creativity, agility, and social responsibility.

Over the next few years, TalentCrew envisions exploring and developing new products and services that will actively expand business while touching social responsibility.

Experience at Hatchlab Research Centre

The Hatchlab research centre aims to support SRM E-Cell’s mission of developing entrepreneurial talent and fostering the commercialisation of new ideas ventures. “Working with Hatchlab research centre was always a great experience. Here I found the fresh start for the innovation, and here the programme is very well structured with the right blend of practice,” says Mr Lakshman. “The best thing about this programme is that it allows me to learn while still being employed. And I always feel thankful for Dr Lakshmana Rao sir, for motivating me on every stand that I take, and Udayan Bakshi sir, for giving me such a wonderful opportunity” he added.
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Eco-friendly and economic production of Ammonia February 1, 2022
SRM Univeristy-AP is proud to announce that Prof. Ranjit Thapa, Department of Physics, has obtained a prestigious SERB-DST grant of Rs. 32 lakhs for a period of three years for his project, “Design Principle of Single Atom Catalyst for Nitrogen Fixation over HER: Energy Parameter, Electronic Descriptor and Database”.

Ammonia (NH3) is the prime source of fertilizers and an important carrier of energy too. Ammonia can be stored in its chemical form for a long and it is easy to transport. So now researchers are looking forward to using ammonia in place of hydrogen as an energy source. But the production of ammonia with existing techniques needs more energy compared to the energy it stored in its chemical bond. So, an alternative process that is environmentally friendly and cost-effective is needed to be in place.

In 2019 the global production capacity of ammonia is 235 million metric tons and will increase to 290 million metric tons by 2030. The importance of ammonia is due to its application in broad and diverse fields, such as fertilizers, textiles, pharmaceuticals, and is a carbon-free energy carrier. The Haber-Bosch process is used for the synthesis of ammonia (NH3) from N2 and H2 using Fe based catalyst. But the process emits carbon dioxide (CO2) (1.5 tons of CO2/tons of NH3 production) requires high pressure and temperature and consumes around 2% of the global supply of energy. Electrocatalytic N2 fixation (N2 + 6H+ + 6e− → 2NH3) showed great potential due to the possible use of atmospheric nitrogen and hydrogen derived from water through electrolysis and in mild conditions. However, the slow kinetics of N2 adsorption, splitting of the strong N≡N bond are the challenges for the electrocatalytic NRR process. In the electrocatalytic NRR process, the fast reaction kinetics of hydrogen evolution reaction is the greatest obstacle. To solve these challenges, the search for various types of catalysts is on the roll.

To date, trial and error methods have been used to synthesize the catalysts for the electrocatalytic NRR process. Thanks to the rapid development of density functional theory-based computational methods, the intermediate steps during NRR can be identified at the atomic level, the underlying principles can be understood, and a large space of catalysts can be checked for efficient NRR within a limited time. Without understanding the correct electronic structure of SAC and its correlation with the overpotential of NRR and defining the correct energy parameter to define “NRR over HER” and “N2 binding over H binding free energy”, we can never design the best catalyst cost-effectively. We will address these problems through this project’s objectives.

The project will help to design the best single-atom catalyst for the reduction of nitrogen (from the air) through the electrocatalytic process and convert it into ammonia. The designed catalyst can be synthesis by the industry and can be used for NRR.

This project will help a step forward towards more ammonia production for the uses in the agriculture sector, energy sector, and related sector.

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Smart COVID-shield: An IoT driven reliable and automated prototype for Covid-19 symptoms tracking January 28, 2022
Persistent dry coughing and abnormally high body temperature are identified as more relevant risk factors associated with the COVID-19 crisis. Besides these, maintaining 6 feet social distancing norm was also recognized as a crucial factor. By taking these three features into consideration, the research group consisting of Dr Kshirasagar Sahoo, Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering at SRM University-AP have designed a smart, reliable and efficient COVID-19 tracking device model to monitor suspected infected people in public places. The device named “Smart COVID-Shield” utilising the IoT technology is equipped with a suspender and a belt to be placed over the clothes of the user which constitutes a cough detect unit, temperature detects unit and distance computing unit. Coughing and temperature patterns can be detected through the PIR sensor of the suspender while a belt with an ultrasonic sensor can be used to track people who violate the 6 feet social distancing norms in a real-time environment. A research paper titled “Smart COVID-shield: An IoT Driven Reliable and Automated Prototype for COVID-19 Symptoms Tracking” is published in Computing Journal as a part of the project.

Abstract of the paper:

IoT technology is revolutionizing healthcare and is transforming it into more personalized healthcare. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, IoT’s intervention can help to detect its spread. This research proposes an effective “Smart COVID-Shield” that is capable of automatically detecting prevalent symptoms like fever and coughing along with ensuring social distancing norms are properly followed. It comprises three modules which include Cough Detect Module (CDM) for dry cough detection, Temperature Detect module (TDM) for high-temperature monitoring, and Distance Compute Module (DCM) to track social distancing norm violator. The device comprises a combination of a lightweight fabric suspender worn around the shoulders and a flexible belt wrapped around the waist. The suspender is equipped with a passive infrared (PIR) sensor and temperature sensor to monitor persistent coughing patterns and high body temperature and the ultra-sonic sensor verify 6 feet distance for tracking an individual’s social distancing norms. The developed model is implemented in an aluminium factory to verify its effectiveness. Results obtained were promising and reliable when compared to conventional manual procedures. The model accurately reported when body temperature rises. It outperformed thermal gun as it accurately recorded a mean of only 4.65 candidates with higher body temperature as compared to 8.59% with the thermal gun. A significant reduction of 3.61% on social distance violators was observed. Besides this, the latency delay of 10.32 s was manageable with a participant count of over 800 which makes it scalable.

This is a collaborative work of H. K. Tripathy, S. Mishra from School of Computer Engineering, KIIT Deemed to Be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India and A. Nayyar from Graduate School, Faculty of Information Technology, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam.

Early detection of the coronavirus symptoms is one feasible means to restrict the spreading of coronavirus. The IoT enabled “Smart COVID-Shield” is developed and implemented in this study to monitor social distancing violators in crowded places. In future, all other COVID symptoms can be incorporated into the model to make it more effective and real-time. An emergency alert module can also be included as part of the model to create awareness among people. An enhanced security mechanism can be further embedded in the working model to prevent any data compromise and dilution in data availability.

Read the full paper here.
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Facebook Metaverse Spark AR Hackathon Winners January 27, 2022
Skilling up is always encouraged at SRM University-AP. With cutting-edge technology and premier instructors provided to support curious, enthusiastic, and innovative minds, skilling up is fun, fantastic, and comes with fabulous prizes too.

In the Metaverse Spark AR Hackathon conducted by Meta (Facebook), D Yogesh and Yash Agarwal have bagged the winner’s and runner’s up prizes of $300 and $200 respectively. Not just that, 154 of our students would take away from this competition lucrative goodies and participation certificates for their idea submissions.

The CR&CS department organized workshops and trained our students specifically for this event alongside their regular upskilling for placements and other hackathons and contests.

Over a huge number of students who participated in this contest from different corners of the globe, the students of SRMAP walking away with the prizes make a sizable chunk.

We extend our heartfelt wishes to all the participants and hope to see them ace every challenge they face with the knowledge imparted and the skills honed here.

Testimonials

“It was my first hackathon that I participated in and being a part of the SRM AP Hackathon Club has helped and motivated me greatly. Having an interest in AR/VR, this AR hackathon offered me a good opportunity to learn more about the technology. I attended a workshop, conducted by Meta where they introduced us to Augmented Reality. I learned how Instagram filters were made from scratch, and, in addition, I gained technical knowledge about Augmented Reality. I made an Instagram filter that was based on the PUBG Mobile game.

As part of the hackathon, I would like to thank the CR&CS department for the smooth conduction of the hackathon. Also, I would like to thank Priyanka ma’am (link here) and Raghunathan sir (link here) for their time and assistance in the process. I’m very happy that I have acquired a new skill and looking forward to contributing to the Metaverse! Explore the 4.0 technologies”

-Yogesh D

“The hackathon was about creating an AR effect. I made an AR effect on the theme based upon the popularly known web series “SQUID GAMES”.

A special thanks to one of my friends, S. Lokesh who helped me a lot to make me understand how to make an AR effect. I would like to thank Dr T. Raghunathan and Dr Priyanka from the SRM-AP Hackathon club for encouraging and guiding me to participate in this competition.

I am eagerly waiting for many more Hackathons wherein I can participate under the guidance of the SRM-AP hackathon club. Winning doesn’t matter, but participation matters”

-Yash Aggarwal

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73rd Republic Day Celebrations January 27, 2022
On January 26, 2022 at 9.00 am IST, SRM University-AP celebrated 73rd Republic Day Celebrations with a display of strong unwavering patriotism with all protocols in place. All the staff members and students came together virtually to honour our constitution, our culture, and the celebration of our unity in diversity.

The event was an auspiciously planned by the Department of Student Affairs. The flag was unfurled and it was followed by the National Anthem.
- The priority was given towards good health and good physical practices on this Republic Day and a note on the importance and providence of Yoga was provided by Dr Venkat Nori who then guided everyone through the various steps of Surya Namaskar. Dr Nori’s elaborate and passionate detailing of integrating Yoga into our 21st Century Lifestyle with a refreshing take on its growing necessity was a crucial message to not only the students of SRMAP but to the country as a whole.
- The song by Sowmyadeep in his ethreal voice and with the heart pulling lyrics of “Desh Mere” brought a flair of lightness to the occasion.
- In an incredible show of solidarity and togetherness with the whole country and with the SRMAP digital version of the Republic Day parade the students worked hard and prepared informative State Tableaus to represent and celebrate our diversity.
- The dances by Navya and Prasanna transported us out to a world of music and beauty with a show of the creative range that our students have that extends beyond their academics.
- The song by Sruthi was another delicately woven melody that pulled on our heart stings. It was nostalgic and reminded us about what we as a country are striving towards.
- The short movie on Freedom by Movie club was remarkable in executing such brilliance despite the social distancing restrictions in place and is a show of our collective creative strength in face of challenges.
The event came to a close with a mixture of touching and motivating moments. It brought our love for our country and our responsibilities towards it to the forefront of our mind. But most importantly, it gave us the optimism to make our country a better place as we tackle the adversities of today and stay connected.

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