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- Novel Discoveries on CRISPR-Evading Bacteriophages April 1, 2020
Dr Sutharsan Govindarajan’s research papers published in “Nature” and “Nature Microbiology”
Dr Sutharsan Govindarajan, Assistant Professor of Biological Sciences at SRM University-AP has published two papers in highly reputed journals, “Nature” and “Nature Microbiology”. Both papers involve the discovery of novel strategies used by bacteriophages (viruses that kill bacteria) to overcome the bacterial CRISPR-Cas system, which are molecular scissors that are programmed to cut DNA. His findings have massive implications on the society as it has the ability to reshape the boundaries of the Phage-therapy in curing diseases.
In the paper, “A bacteriophage nucleus-like compartment shields DNA from CRISPR nucleases”, published in ‘Nature’, researchers from the University of California San Francisco, including Dr Sutharsan of SRM University-AP, discovered that certain large bacteriophages called “Jumbophages” are capable of protecting their genetic material (DNA) from being cut by the bacterial CRISPR-Cas system. In nature, the primary function of the CRISPR-Cas system, which is famous for its genome editing applications, is to cut the DNA of bacteriophages. The researchers made a surprising finding that several CRISPR-Cas enzymes were utterly ineffective in cutting the DNA of jumbophages. Subsequent studies led to the finding that these bacteriophages protect their DNA within a protein compartment called as ‘shell’. The shell provides a ‘safe room’ for the phage DNA and keeps antiviral enzymes, including CRISPR-Cas enzymes at bay. It is the first-time researchers have found that bacteriophages, which are essentially viruses, can employ one strategy to protect its DNA from many different immune systems. Dr Sutharsan says, “usually, this kind of sophisticated DNA protection mechanism is employed by complex eukaryotic cells like humans. However, our findings show that viruses, which have evolved billions of years before eukaryotic cells, also seem to be using a similar strategy. This is mind-boggling”, says Dr Sutharsan, “because our finding is making us to rethink about the current understanding of the evolution of cells on Earth.”
In another finding, which is also co-authored by Dr Sutharsan, the researchers have found a different kind of bacteriophage that protects its DNA by ‘turning off’ the production of the CRISPR-Cas enzymes in bacteria. Thus, this bacteriophage employs an entirely different strategy for the same purpose, i.e., protection of its genetic material. The paper “Bacterial alginate regulators and phage homologs repress CRISPR–Cas immunity”, got published in the journal ‘Nature Microbiology’ very recently.
Dr Sutharsan further explained how his research can play a pivotal role in the application of Phage-Therapy, which is a therapeutic strategy where bacteriophages are used to kill antibiotic-resistant bacteria and cure patients suffering from difficult-to-treat bacterial infections. Currently, the success rate of phage therapy is low, and researchers are trying to find the reasons behind this. Dr Sutharsan thinks that CRISPR-resistant bacteriophages, which he studies in his lab, can be a game-changer in phage therapy. However, this idea needs to be tested. Towards this goal, he is currently seeking collaborations with clinicians interested in phage therapy.
When asked about his future research plans, Dr Sutharsan says the “Laboratory of phage-bacteria interaction”, which I am going to establish soon at SRM University – AP, will involve in the discovery of new molecular mechanisms employed by phages and bacteria to defend against each other. Such studies have given us’ Restriction enzymes’, which started the ‘era of gene engineering’, and ‘CRISPR-Cas enzymes’, which started the ‘era of genome engineering’. We hope that our lab at the SRM University – AP will make discoveries that can take us beyond genome engineering.
References:
Nature-A bacteriophage nucleus-like compartment shields DNA from CRISPR
Nature Microbiology- Bacterial alginate regulators and phage homologs repress CRISPR–Cas immunity
Dr Sutharsan Govindarajan- https://srmap.edu.in/faculty/sutharsan-govindarajan/
Continue reading → - Pathbreaking research in genetics potent to cure disorders April 1, 2020
Dr. Sutharsan Govindarajan receives prestigious INSPIRE Faculty award
Department of Science and Technology, Government of India has awarded Dr. Sutharsan Govindarajan, Assistant Professor, Department of Biological Sciences, SRM University-AP, the prestigious fellowship “Innovation in Science Pursuit for Inspired Research (INSPIRE)”. This initiative provides funds and a platform to potent young achievers for conducting independent research and strengthening the Science & Technology base. Dr. Sutharsan is to receive a total research grant of 35 lakhs for a period of 5 years as a DST-INSPIRE fellow.
Dr. Sutharsan will establish an independent research lab at SRM University, AP, Andhra Pradesh to focus on CRISPR-Cas biology. “CRISPR technology is a powerful tool for editing genomes. It is capable of changing a single base of DNA out of billions of bases. This invention is potent to cure genetic disorders, enunciating its candidature to receive the Nobel Prize in the future.”, informs Dr. Sutharsan.
Dr. Sutharsan’s research work has the potential to nullify the single limitation of the CRISPR technology- ‘off-target’ effects i.e., unintended base changes that affects the accuracy of DNA editing. Through his research titled “Discovery of novel CRISPR-Cas silencing proteins”, he and his team intend to prevent ‘off-targets’ by identifying and characterizing the novel anti-CRISPR proteins that can inhibit in CRISPR-Cas proteins. Dr, Sutharsan believes, “This will improve the efficiency of CRISPR technology which will be highly useful for gene editing technologies, alleviating a wide range of genetic disorders and diseases in the future”.
Continue reading → - Students showed their mettle at Sports Meet, brought home trophies! March 23, 2020
Football Team of SRM University-AP
There is a famous saying “All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.” Therefore, here at SRM University-AP, students are always encouraged to go beyond the limits of curricular activities. The Students of SRM-AP have proven to be all-rounders by winning several cups in various segments of different Inter-College Sports Meet. VIT-AP and MVR College of Engineering and Technology have recently organised the Inter College Sports in their respective campuses. Students of SRM-AP merrily participated and successfully bagged winner’s trophy in football and cricket and the runner-up trophy in lawn tennis in Vitopia, Sports Tournament of VIT-AP. They have also secured the winner’s trophy in cricket, and the runner-up trophy in badminton in the Inter-college Sports Championship organised by MVR College of Engineering and Technology.
The football team of SRM-AP was invincible. Their incredible performance throughout the tournament took them straight to the finals where they thrashed VIT-AP, another finalist with a straight 3-0, a resounding victory without any doubt. SRM University-AP team’s captain Ishmael, a 3rd-year Mechanical Engineering student, was able to lead the team successfully. He also turned out to be an ideal strategist. Andrew, another 3rd-year Mechanical Engineering student, sent the ball into the net twice during the match, whereas Venky, 1st-year Computer science and engineering student, supported his team by scoring another goal.
Aiming to Score
Cricket Team with the Trophy
Our cricket team has proven their talent by winning two consecutive champion’s trophy both in VITOPIA and MVR Sports Meet. Jaswanth, a 3rd-year Electronics and Communication Engineering student and the captain of the cricket team, says, “our team has some up-and-coming players. However, at the end of the day, it is the team effort that leads us to success.”
GKV Manikantha hitting the ball
Lawn tennis is another game of hardcore physical strength mixed with ingenious strategies. GKV Manikantha, 1st-year Mechanical Engineering student and a passionate player, won the runner-up trophy at VITOPIA, yet it could not make him happy. He said, “Due to my injury, I could not put up a fight in the finals. I was hurt and therefore had to retire from the game. I am trying to have a speedy recovery and will be back very soon.”
Twelve teams from different colleges participated in the badminton tournament. RK College OF Engineering, Velagapudi Ramakrishna Siddhartha Engineering College, DVR & Dr HS MIC College of Technology, GDMM College of Engineering & Technology were a few among them. Though our team could not secure the first prize, Rathan, a 2nd year CSE student, put up a marvellous fight which brought the university the runner-up trophy.
- Smart Coating Materials to Reduce Thermal Heat Wave March 11, 2020
Cost-effective solution to Global Warming
Renowned publishing house Elsevier is publishing Energy Saving Coating Materials-Design, Process, Implementation and Recent Developments (1st Edition), a book edited by Dr Goutam Kumar Dalapati, Associate Professor, Department of Physics, SRM University- AP and Dr Mohit Sharma, Scientist, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore. The book is about their collaborative research on Thermal Management with the application of coating materials.
Dr Dalapati, Editor of the book
Countries in tropical and temperate belts such as India, Australia, Middle Eastern and African countries receive most of the sunlight. The heat generation is naturally high in these countries. Studies show that the usage of air-conditioner is also very high in these countries to maintain the desired comfort in both home and office spaces. “Air-conditioners need a huge amount of electricity to be operational. Statistics says, globally, out of hundred units of electricity, almost 35-40 units are used for air-conditioning for either heating or cooling purposes. It also has other drawbacks as it generates air-pollutants which aid in global warming. Our Study in the lab of A*STAR shows that even a one-degree change in the air-conditioner’s temperature settings can save a significant amount of electricity. In our study, we have focused on ways of passive cooling, i.e. how the indoor comfort can be maintained without electricity.” Dr Dalapati said.
Dr Dalapati’s book is about developing new materials and process which can effectively reduce temperature inside the buildings. With a vision of having zero-emission buildings in the future, this book focuses on materials, interactions of these materials with sunlight, and then how these materials can be used productively to reduce the temperature in a building, minimising the thermal budget. His team has proposed different type of materials along with different type of techniques. One of those innovative techniques is, Solar Smart Film, which he has a patent for. When applied on the glass, Solar Smart Film is an effective coating material to block the infra-red radiation, which causes the heat, and it allows the visible light only. When applied on concrete, the coating (cool paint) reduces the heat there too. This smart film can reduce the increment of temperature from 2 to 10 degrees centigrade. The usual product available in the market is silver based, hence highly priced. Dr Dalapati’s team has replaced silver-based products with alternative materials like copper or copper-like materials which are cheap in cost, environmentally stable, non-toxic and can be found easily. The process to develop low cost solar films is also explained in his book.
When asked how the idea of publishing a book came to his mind, Dr Dalapati replied, “At first, we published a 100-page article on a similar topic in Progress in Materials Science, a reputed International Review Journal with an Impact Factor of 23.72. Later we thought of publishing a book because whereas an article’s reach is limited within the researchers only, through a book many more people will come to know about our research and its impact on the well-being of the society. It will help in creating a general awareness among common people as well as young minds like high school and college students will be provided with opportunities for brain-storming.”
Dr Dalapati is currently busy in making his product commercially available. He is also developing apparatus for human applications, which will protect the body from thermal heat waves in summer. A patent application has been filed to the Government of India in this regard. In the Future, he also plans to publish further editions of this book where more complex problems will be discussed.
Cover Page of the Book
DETAILS OF THE BOOK:
Book Title: Energy Saving Coating Materials-Design, Process,
Implementation and Recent Developments (1st Edition)Editors: Goutam Kumar Dalapati and Mohit Sharma
Paperback ISBN: 9780128221037
Publishing House: Elsevier
Published Date: 1st June 2020
Page Count: 368
Language: English
Copyright: © Elsevier 2020
Continue reading →- Marathon Hackathon win! March 9, 2020
Next Tech Lab continue with the winning streak
SRM University AP, Andhra Pradesh equips students to combat adversities and continue to achieve accolades by nurturing their talent and offering them an impetus for growth. Abbas, a third-year CSE student, wins yet another Hackathon at Berkeley. While on his semester abroad program at the University of California, Berkeley, he participated in Hacktech which is Caltech’s premier intercollegiate hackathon. Along with three other team members from Georgia Tech, Virginia Tech, and USC, Abbas competed against 450 hackers who identify and build innovative, technological solutions to solve problems in a variety of disciplines. The team was a finalist in the “Best Overall Hack” and won “Best Hack That Gives People a Voice” by Facebook.
Focusing on “Giving People a Voice”, sponsored by Facebook, Abbas, and team coordinated through Git and voice messaging platforms like Discord and Slack as the Hackathon turned into a virtual competition with the unfortunate outbreak of COVID-19.
SRM AP’s Next Tech Lab team have developed MeetMe, that provides a platform to interact with various people across the globe, irrespective of their background. “MeetMe is a platform that is designed to take the user out of their comfort zone and have them meet people quite different from themselves.”, explains Abbas.
When asked about the intention behind developing such an application, Abbas says, “When pandemics like Coronavirus hit, despite millions being fatally impacted, most people face challenges like Xenophobia causing added fear and damage. We felt that we should do our part to help make the world a better place using technology. We came across UNICEF’s 5 things to do to fight xenophobia. It primarily suggests that connecting people across cultural backgrounds can eliminate prejudices against a certain group, community, or race. Hence, we developed MeetMe.”
The team believes, “MeetMe will encourage people to interact with groups that they are unfamiliar with, which helps them to understand their cultures better, leading to communal harmony and mutual understanding. This could be particularly useful in the wake of catastrophes such as Coronavirus that unfortunately cause incorrect opinions pertaining to certain groups. By providing a platform for these in-person gatherings, we are trying to ensure that the attendees get the chance to interact with people from marginalized communities and reduce undesired emotions that they may harbor consciously or unconsciously towards them.”
Continue reading →- SRM-AP Next Tech Lab Bags Laurels on Blockchain Technology March 4, 2020
Prototypes were awarded in ETHDenver International Hackathon
Innovations of SRM University-AP’s Students were acknowledged and rewarded in ETHDenver, an International Conference organised by Ethereum Foundation. Ethereum Foundation is the largest platform for blockchain technology development. In this conference, they arranged for an US Blockchain Technology Hackathon, the biggest challenge on blockchain technology developments and applications. Approximately 2000 students across the world registered for the conference. Students of SRM-AP presented their innovative ideas with prototypes and secured bounty of total $3000 for their projects called URBANBOWL and SECURENOTE. They were also awarded the Community Prize for being on the Top 5. As a part of Global Scholars Programme supported by Ethereum Foundation, the students represented SRM University-AP in the conference.
Urbanbowl partcipants in ETHDenver with Vitalik Buterin, co-founder of Ethereum
URBANBOWL was developed by Koushik Bhargav, Pushyamitra, Srinivas Teja and Rohit, four students of 3rd year, Computer Science and Engineering Department. This project was about making cities self-sustainable by urban farming on rented places. Considering the American societies, where people have unused places like the backyards, the students developed prototype of Urbanbowl, a decentralised urban farming platform where people can lease out empty spaces like backyards or basements. This platform was developed using blockchain technology. Their project also satisfied five UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)- End Hunger, Sustainable Cities and Communities, Reduction in Forest Loss and Land Degradation, Climate Action and Sustainable Production Pattern. The students received a bounty of $500 from SKALE and $500 from DAPPHERO for their project.
Securednote participants praised in ETHDenver
SECURENOTE, the second project from SRM-AP, was also highly praised in the conference. Yoganand and Nikhil, 3rd year students of Electronics and Communication Engineering along with Chaitanya and Abhin, 3rd year students of Computer Science and Engineering were the brains behind the project. They have developed a platform where people’s complaints will not go unnoticed. The present scenario in Indian police station shows that people register their complaints manually, and most of the times, those complaints get lost or no action is taken. Using blockchain technology, students of SRM-AP have developed such a platform where such complaints will be registered and digitised in such a way that cannot be modified later without bringing it into notice of all the concerned authorities. This will make the process more secure as none will be able to alter or modify the complaints without notifying the concerned people. They also have received a bounty of $2000 from DAOSTACK for their project.
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Continue reading →- AutoNxt Automation visits campus February 28, 2020
Interactive session with industrial inventors
World’s First Electric, Autonomous TractorKaustubh Dhonde, CEO, Swadeep Pillarisetti, Advisor and Board Director, Sachin Gowda, Embedded Engineer, and Aswanth Mulupuri, Intern, Department of Automation of AutoNxt Automation – an innovative Mumbai based startup, visited SRM University AP, Andhra Pradesh for a two-day program as a part of the National Science Day celebration at the campus. The company demonstrated their latest technological marvel, the World’s First Electric, Autonomous Tractor. “A lot of research is conducted globally with multiple companies working on the automation of on-road vehicles. However, off-road vehicles’ automation has hardly been touched upon previously, although there are less variables being controlled environments like farms, industrial plants, etc where it is more feasible a solution”, says Mr. Swadeep who has been advising the company which has brought about a revolutionary breakthrough in the domain of Indian agriculture.
Some of the exceptional features of the Electric Automated Tractor include fully electric drivetrain, low NVH (Noise, Vibration and Harshness) levels, mobile application for interaction with the tractor, live tracking, geo fencing capabilities, battery and system status reports on mobile app, obstacle detection technology and optional automatic hydraulic control of implements. The company is also planning to develop a common charging point that will use free energy sources.
Students marveling at the automated tractor
Demonstration by the CEOAutoNxt Automation has created its niche by offering cost-effective and energy-efficient solutions to farming problems. Mr. Kaustubh believes “It is important that technology reaches out to the entire farmer class”. He further explains the crises of the Indian agricultural system that can be resolved using the Electric Automated Tractors, “The harvesting timeframe is narrow which increases the demand of skilled labour during this season, exponentially enhancing the cumulative cost of farming. The fully automated tractors embedded with camera identification systems and sensors reduce the operational expenses up to 4 times. Also, the IoT sensors give real-time feedbacks ensuring accuracy in tilling, ploughing, and spraying insecticide.”
The representatives of the company held a demonstrative session with the students and faculty on 26th February 2020, where they introduced the tractor and explained its technological viabilities. An interactive session was also held with the students on the same day. The session enabled the students to identify the practical applications of their acquired theoretical knowledge. The entrepreneurs inspired the students to create an impactful change that will eventually benefit society as a whole. Also, it creates an opportunity for them to be closely associated with people from the industry as well as the research domain. On the following day, a presentation was made to the faculty members of SRM AP to trigger discussions on technologies used by the Electric Automated Tractor. In the end, Mr. Kaustubh and Mr. Swadeep expressed their intent to involve students to work on real-time projects with the company, along with taking assistance from the faculty members to overcome hurdles pertaining to AI/ML technologies. Mr. Swadeep says, “The students will be exposed to real case studies, contribute to the improvement of the country, and in the process earn many accolades”.
Sachin Gowda interacting with the students- Dr. Atik’s Initiative on Better Understanding of Graphs using Matrices February 26, 2020
SERB Project in Mathematics
Dr. Fouzul Atik, Assistant Professor at the Department of Mathematics in SRM University-AP, Andhra Pradesh has received a prestigious Start-up Research Grant (SRG) from Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), Govt. of India.
Objective of the Grant:
This is a Start-up Research Grant (SRG) has a particular objective to assist researchers to start off their research career in a new institution. This two-year grant ushers in researchers in the domain of research from where they can escalate to the mainstream core research grants.
Selection and Nature of Support:
The selection for this grant is highly competitive and is based on the profile of the applicant and his proposed research plan. Nationwide only 500 grants are awarded per year across all subject areas.
The one-time research grant will cover equipment, manpower, consumables, travel and contingency apart from overheads. Applicant has the flexibility to propose budget under various heads as per requirement.About Dr. Fouzul Atik’s Project:
In his project titled as “Characterization of graphs by spectra of its distance and resistance matrix and some problems related to matrix theory and graph theory”, Dr. Atik is initiating the investigation of different properties of graphs with the help of several matrices associated with it. “In this project we will focus on the distance matrix and resistance matrix of graphs. Many challenging problems are there which are equally important in the fields of graph theory and matrix theory. We will try to solve few of them in this project.” Dr. Atik said.
Reference:
SERB, India – http://www.serb.gov.in/home.php
SRG – http://www.serb.gov.in/srgg.php
Dr. Fouzul Atik- https://srmap.edu.in/faculty/dr-fouzul-atik/
Continue reading →- Dr Sujith Kalluri’s research paper published in a reputed journal “Advanced Science” February 15, 2020
Replacing Cobalt with Nickel in Lithium-ion batteries
Dr. Sujith Kalluri, Assistant Professor of Electronics and Communication Engineering, published a paper on “Building High-Rate Nickel-Rich Cathodes by Self organisation of Structurally Stable Macrovoid” in a highly reputed journal, “Advanced Science” having Impact Factor of 15.8. During his association with Samsung- UNIST Battery R&D Centre at Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) South Korea, he began researching on the alternate battery cathodes for high-rate lithium-ion batteries, and proceeded the study at SRM University AP, Andhra Pradesh.
Cathode is one of the key components of batteries used in portable smart devices (mobile phones). Presently, batteries comprise of Lithium Cobalt Oxide as a cathode. Dr. Kalluri’s research focuses on the fast mobility of the lithium-ions present inside the battery with respect to the applied electricity. In his path-breaking study, he designed a new cathode for batteries, which is Lithium Nickel-rich transition metal oxide. He explains the supremacy of his designing Nickel-rich cathode, “When we did thorough electro-chemical and electrical studies, the lithium-ion batteries infused with nickel-rich cathode exhibited higher performance in terms of high current operations and elevated temperatures. Also, the Nickel-rich based lithium-ion batteries are a cost-effective substitute as the major portion of Cobalt is replaced with Nickel, a cheaper metal. These batteries can be employed in portable electronic devices and in larger scale, can be a promising candidate for e-mobility appliances.”
The research of Dr. Kalluri also aims at improving the “high current rate operation” which will ensure fast charging of portable devices and electric vehicles. When asked regarding his future research plans, he says “At SRM AP, we are establishing SRM – Amara Raja Centre for Energy Storage Devices in association with Amara Raja Batteries Limited. In this centre, we are planning to further optimize the lithium-ion battery technology, and also we will look beyond and try to implement sodium-ion battery technology for societal demands.”
Continue reading →- 27th INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYSTEMS ENGINEERING
ICSEng 2020 February 14, 2020Dr. Vadivel organises Special Session 3 (SS3)
Dr. A. Vadivel, Associate Professor- Department of Computer Science and Engineering in SRM University, AP- Andhra Pradesh is organising a Special Session at 27th International Conference on Systems Engineering at Las Vegas in USA. Details about this conference can be found below-
Conference Organisers:
This series of International Conferences is jointly organized on a rotational basis among three institutions:
- University of Nevada, Las Vegas, USA;
- Wroclaw University of Technology, Poland; and
- Coventry University, UK.
In 2018, the series of the conferences was joined by University of Technology Sydney, Australia.
Date & Place of the Conference:
Between August 25-27, 2020, in Las Vegas, NV, at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, USA.
Scope of Conference:
The Conference will cover the general area of Systems Engineering, with particular emphasis on placedon applications. It is expected to include sessions on the themes given at: http://www.icseng.com/topics.php
Dr. Vadivel is organising Special Session 3 (SS3)- Deep Video Analytics and Big Visual Data: Computational Models, Algorithms and Applications. Details about this session can be found at
http://www.icseng.com/sessions.php
The proceedings are published in the Springer series Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems and are indexed by ISI Web of Science Proceedings, DBLP, SCOPUS, Google Scholar, and Springerlink. Selected papers will be published in the Open Computer Science Journal and the International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications.
Important dates:
- Papers due: March 21, 2020
- Notification of acceptance: April 20, 2020
- Paper registration due: May 17, 2020
- Camera-ready (final) papers: May 17, 2020
Special Session Organizer:
Dr. A. Vadivel
Associate Professor
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
SRM University, AP- Andhra Pradesh
Neerukonda, Mangalagiri Mandal, Mangalagiri
Andhra Pradesh 522502, India
E-mail ID: vadivel.a@srmap.edu.in
Important Links/ Reference:
Main Website: http://www.icseng.com/
Submission of Papers:http://www.icseng.com/submission.php
Registration: http://www.icseng.com/registration.php
- Smart Coating Materials to Reduce Thermal Heat Wave March 11, 2020