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- Paper on Deciphering Oxygen Evolution Reaction Activity: A QM/ML Approach with Single Atom Catalysts September 5, 2024
Prof. Ranjith Thapa in collaboration with two of his research scholars, Mr E. S. Erakulan Mr Sourav Ghosh and has come up with a groundbreaking research that has resulted in the publication of a scholarly paper titled, Specific Descriptor for Oxygen Evolution Reaction Activity on Single Atom Catalysts Using QM/ML.
Abstract of the paper
Descriptors are properties or parameters of a material that is used to explain any catalytic activity both computationally and experimentally. Such descriptors aid in designing the material’s property to obtain efficient catalyst. For transition metals, d-band center is a well-known descriptor that shows Sabatier type relation for several catalytic reactions. However, it fails to explain the activity when considering same metal active site with varying local environment. To address this, density functional theory was used for single atom catalysts (SACs) embedded on armchair and zigzag graphene nanoribbons (AGNR and ZGNR). By varying the anchoring nitrogen atoms’ orientation and considering pristine and doped cases, 432 active sites were used to test the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity. It was observed that S and SO2 dopant helps in reducing the overpotential on Co-SAC (h = 0.28 V). Along with the d-band center, a total of 105 possible descriptors were individually tested and failed to correlate with OER activity. Further, PCA was employed to narrow down unique descriptors and machine learning algorithms (MLR, RR, SVR, RFR, BRR, LASSO, KNR and XGR) were trained on the two obtained descriptors. Among the models, SVR and RFR model showed highest performance with R2 = 0.89 and 0.88 on test data. This work shows the necessity of a multi-descriptor approach to explain OER catalytic activity on SAC and the approach would help in identifying similar descriptors for other catalytic reactions as well.
Social Implications:
Computational studies have proven to be a vital tool to predict new materials and also assess the behaviour towards various catalytic reactions. They also identify the innate properties of the material which drives the catalytic activity. It helps in designing the material with required property to improve the catalytic activity. Descriptors are such computationally obtained properties/parameters of a material that has a meaningful relation with any catalytic property of a chemical reaction. d-band center, given by Hammer and Norskov in 1995, explained the binding strength of oxygen atom on pure transition metals. The d-band center shows Sabatier type relation with chemical activity and has been widely used to explain the catalytic activity of several reactions since its formulation. The adsorbate state after interaction with delocalized s-states of the metal atom is almost constant while that resulting from d-states interaction, is split into bonding and antibonding states. Hence the s-states were not considered. It is well known that, when the dimensions of a system are lowered the states become narrow and localized. In such systems, the d-band center does not explain the catalytic activity well and it is an open research problem.
Future Projects:
Density functional theory with machine learning approach could further be used and improved on similar SACs from which a predictive model equation could be constructed. Also, the proposed models are open to exploration on other catalytic reactions as well.
The authors thank SRM University-AP and National Super Computing mission for providing the computational facility.
Continue reading → - Enhancing Visual Saliency in Group Photographs: A Novel Approach for Improved Security and Healthcare Applications September 5, 2024
Dr Ravi Kant Kumar, an Assistant Professor at the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, and his research scholar, Ms Gayatri Dhara, have come up with a patent titled “A System and Method for Enhancement Of Visual Saliency Of Intended Face In Group Photography.” The patent, with Application Number 202441040020, employs pathbreaking technology to enhance security and healthcare applications, with real-time face recognition and remote diagnostics.
Abstract:
Visual saliency is a way of figuring out which parts of a scene draw our attention the most. When looking at a crowd or a group of faces, our eyes naturally focus more on certain faces than others. This happens because some faces have dominant features that stand out more. For faces that don’t naturally catch our attention, there is a need to make them more noticeable. This new method and system are designed to do just that. The system calculates scores based on various factors like skin tone, colour, contrast, position, and other visual details. These scores help identify which face needs enhancement, making it more prominent in a group of faces. The primary advantage of this invention is its potential to improve user experience in various applications, such as photo editing, social media, security systems, and more. By giving users, the control to select and enhance a specific face, it allows for a more personalised and targeted approach to face recognition and enhancement. This could be particularly beneficial in scenarios where the user wants to highlight a specific individual in a group photo or in a crowd. Overall, this invention represents a significant advancement in the field of face recognition and image enhancement, offering a novel and user-centric approach to visual saliency. It opens up new possibilities for user interaction and control in image editing and face recognition technology.
Practical and Social Implications
The practical implementation of this research lies in its ability to identify and enhance faces within a group or crowd that do not naturally draw attention. This innovative method and system address this issue by calculating saliency scores based on factors such as skin tone, colour, contrast, position, and other visual details. These scores are then used to identify faces that need enhancement to become more prominent in a group. The system’s ability to enhance specific faces has significant practical applications in several fields.
Photo Editing: Users can easily enhance specific individuals in group photos, ensuring that everyone stands out as desired. This is particularly useful for personal photos, event photography, and professional photo editing.
Social media: Enhanced face recognition and saliency can improve user experience by allowing users to highlight specific people in their posts, making photos more engaging and personalised.
Security Systems: In surveillance and security applications, the ability to enhance less prominent faces can improve the accuracy of face recognition systems, aiding in the identification of individuals in crowded or low-visibility conditions.
Collaborations:
SRM University-AP,
Dr Ravi Kant Kumar,
Mrs Gayathri Dhara.Future Research Plans:
Future plans for this visual saliency-based face enhancement system include refining algorithms for greater accuracy and efficiency, and integrating with popular photo editing software and social media platforms for seamless user experience. The technology will be expanded into security and healthcare applications, enhancing real-time face recognition and remote diagnostics. Emphasis will be placed on reducing biases, ensuring privacy protection, and enabling user customisation. Collaborations with academic institutions will drive further research, while commercialisation efforts will focus on launching products globally.
Continue reading → - Dr Negi’s Research Exploration of the Sugeno Exponential Function and Its Multidisciplinary Applications September 5, 2024
Dr Shekhar Singh Negi from the Department of Mathematics has published a research paper titled “A note on Sugeno exponential function with respect to distortion.” Dr Negi’s research investigates the Sugeno exponential function. This research develops new mathematical tools and rules to work with a different way of measuring things, which can be useful in various fields like economics, biology, or any area where traditional measurements don’t quite fit the problem at hand.
Abstract:
This study explores the Sugeno exponential function, which is the solution to a first order differential equation with respect to nonadditive measures, specifically distorted Lebesgue measures. We define k-distorted semigroup property of the Sugeno exponential function, introduce a new addition operation on a set of distortion functions, and discuss some related results. Furthermore, m-Bernoulli inequality, a more general inequality than the well-known Bernoulli inequality on the real line, is established for the Sugeno exponential function. Additionally, the above concept is extended to a system of differential equations with respect to the distorted Lebesgue measure which gives rise to the study of a matrix m-exponential function.
Finally, we present an appropriate m-distorted logarithm function and describe its behaviour when applied to various functions, such as the sum, product, quotient, etc., while maintaining basic algebraic structures. The results are illustrated throughout the paper with a variety of examples.
Collaborations:
Prof. Vicenc Torra, Professor at the Department of Computing Science at Umea University. His area of research include artificial intelligence, data privacy, approximate reasoning, and decision making.
Future Research Plans:
To explore the aforementioned derivative and investigate results with applications in real life.
Continue reading → - Research Paper on ESG Scores and Their Effect on Polluting Companies After COVID-19 September 5, 2024
The Department of Commerce, under the Paari School of Business, is proud to present the research publication of Dr Lakshamana Rao Ayyangari, Guest Faculty Dr Sankar Rao, and Research Scholar Mr Akhil Pasupuleti. Their research paper, titled “Assessing the impact of ESG scores on market performance in polluting companies: a post-COVID-19 analysis,” is featured in the Q2 journal “Discover Sustainability.” Here is an interesting abstract of their research.
Abstract:
The study aims to unravel the impact of Environmental Social Governance (ESG) scores on the firm’s market performance of polluting companies. Moreover, the study also finds out the moderating effect of green initiatives. The study’s population consisted of 67 companies that were chosen from the list of polluting companies given by the Central Pollution Control Board of India for the post-COVID-19 timeframe of 2020–2023. The results indicate that the performance of ESG will improve the financial performance of the company.
Practical Implementation:
The analysis showed that companies with higher ESG scores generally perform better in the market. This means that firms that are more responsible in terms of environmental, social, and governance practices tend to do well financially. However, the study found that green initiatives did not have a significant impact on this relationship.
These findings are important for company managers and stakeholders. Understanding the connection between ESG practices and market performance can help managers create strategies to improve their ESG scores, ultimately boosting their financial performance.
Future Research Plans:
i) Focus on the R&D investment and sustainability.
ii) Studying the relationship between green finance and sustainability
iii) Exploring the relationship of CSR in sustainability
Continue reading → - “A New Array of Leaders Graduate Today” – SRM AP Hosted its 4th Convocation Ceremony September 5, 2024
SRM University-AP hosted its prestigious 4th Convocation Ceremony on September 02, 2024, felicitating the graduates with their well-earned degrees for scholastic excellence. The monumental event was graced by the honourable presence of Chief Guest Padma Bhushan Senapathy Kris Gopalakrishnan, Chairman-Axilor Ventures and Co-founder of Infosys; Guest of Honour Mr Rohit Kapoor, Chief Executive Officer, Food Marketplace, Swiggy; Founder Chancellor of SRM Group of Institutions Dr T R Paarivendhar; Pro-Chancellor of SRM University-AP Dr P Sathyanarayanan; Vice Chancellor Prof. Manoj K Arora, Other dignitaries, Faculty, staff and parents of the graduating batch. 1,018 graduates, including 24 PhD scholars, were conferred their degrees on this momentous occasion, and 18 Gold Medalists, 5 Silver Medalists, and 5 Bronze Medalists were recognised for their outstanding achievements.
“We are a multidisciplinary research-intensive university where education revolves around 5 I’s – Integrative curricula, Interdisciplinary Research and Learning, Innovation, Industry and International Collaborations and Inclusivity”, stated Vice Chancellor, Prof. Manoj K Arora, in his welcome address. Prof. Arora also gave a brief about the annual report, highlighting the university’s stellar growth and accomplishments in the past academic year.
Chief Guest Padma Bhushan Kris Gopalakrishnan, renowned global business & technology thought leader, delivered the much-anticipated convocation address to the graduating Class of 2024. With an analogy to the Paris Olympics 2024, Mr Kris Gopalakrishnan ignited the graduating batch with key takeaways to ensure remarkable success in all their future endeavours. He stated, “The knowledge and skillset that you have acquired from your university will equip you to face the problems that the world poses. The strength of the university lies with the alumni. Remember to contribute to the society, your nation and moreover your alma mater.”
Mr Rohit Kapoor, the esteemed Guest of Honour, applauded the students for their outstanding achievements and expressed his deep respect for SRM University-AP for establishing a new-age institute and preparing the students for an impactful future. “We must strive towards world-class standards in the case of academics, research, and innovation and deriving nobility in becoming the superior version of yourselves”, advised Mr Kapoor.
The ceremony also witnessed the auspicious presence of Founder Chancellor Dr T R Paarivendhar, who congratulated the young students for this remarkable achievement and advised, “Knowledge is power. Enhance your knowledge by keeping abreast of upcoming technology and the exponential growth due to the digital revolution. You must be bold in life, content in life to be the best citizen of this country.” Pro-Chancellor Dr P Sathyanarayanan offered his heartfelt praises to the Class of 2024, stating, “With the vision to be a world-class university that dominates national and international frontiers, we emphasise the importance of premier education. While you transition from the phase of learning to earning, bear in mind that learning is always a thread of the fabric of your life.”
The convocation ceremony successfully concluded with the administration of the pledge by the graduation cohort, honouring the national anthem and the departure of the dignitaries.
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- Dr Mahesh Kumar Secures Patent for Advanced Data Generation Method August 28, 2024
In a significant achievement for the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Dr Mahesh Kumar Morampudi, Assistant Professor, along with B.Tech. student Ms. Nunna Lakshmi Manasa, has been granted a patent for their groundbreaking invention titled “System and method for generating synthetic data based on variational autoencoder.” The patent, with Application Number: 202241049545, was officially recognised in the Indian Patent Office.This innovative system leverages the capabilities of variational autoencoders to generate synthetic data, which has vast applications in various fields, including machine learning, data privacy, and simulation. The ability to create high-quality synthetic datasets can significantly enhance research and development processes, providing researchers and practitioners with valuable tools for analysis and experimentation.
The recognition of this patent not only highlights the innovative spirit within the department but also underscores the collaborative efforts between faculty and students in advancing technology and contributing to the field of computer science.
Abstract of the Research
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a diabetes-related eye condition that occurs when high blood sugar levels cause damage to the blood vessels in the retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. Over time, these damaged vessels can leak blood or other fluids, leading to vision impairment.
DR typically progresses through stages, starting with mild non-proliferative retinopathy, where small bulges form in the blood vessels, to proliferative retinopathy, the most severe stage, where new abnormal blood vessels grow on the retina and in the vitreous humor, potentially leading to blindness. Early detection and management are crucial to prevent significant vision loss, often involving regular eye exams, blood sugar control, and treatments like laser therapy or surgery.
Synthetic data generation for DR is an emerging approach to augment limited clinical datasets, enhancing the training of machine learning models for diagnosis and prognosis. The present disclosure envisages a system for generating synthetic data based on a variational autoencoder (VAE). This work explores the use of a VAE combined with deep learning for the detection and classification of DR. VAEs, known for their ability to learn compact and meaningful representations of complex data, are employed to generate latent features from retinal images, effectively capturing the subtle variations and anomalies indicative of DR. These latent features are then fed into a deep learning classifier, which is trained to categorise the severity of DR into various stages, ranging from no DR to proliferative DR.
Research in Layperson’s Terms
Imagine your eye is like a camera, and the retina at the back of your eye is the film that captures the pictures you see. DR is a condition that affects this “film” when someone has diabetes for a long time. High blood sugar levels can damage the tiny blood vessels in the retina, leading to vision problems and, in severe cases, blindness.
Our research is about creating a computer program that can help doctors detect and classify this eye condition more accurately. We use a special kind of technology called a VAE, which is like a smart artist that learns to understand and recreate detailed images of the retina. This “artist” can pick up on the tiny changes and patterns in the retina that might be missed by the human eye. Once the VAE has learned these details, it passes them on to another program, which is really good at sorting things into categories. This second program, a deep learning classifier, uses the information from the VAE to decide how severe diabetic retinopathy is—whether it’s mild, moderate, or severe.
By combining these two technologies, our system can help doctors detect diabetic retinopathy earlier and more accurately, which is crucial for preventing vision loss in people with diabetes.
Title of the Patent in the Citation Format
Inventor Name(s):
Dr Mahesh Kumar Morampudi
Nunna Lakshmi Manasa
“System and method for generating synthetic data based on variational auto encoder” with Application Number: ” 202241049545.” Date of Patent Grant. 29/07/2024Practical Implementation:
The practical implementation of our research involves integrating the VAE and deep learning classifier into a software tool that can be used by eye care professionals. Here’s how it might work in a real-world setting:- Data Collection: Retinal images are collected from patients during routine eye exams. These images are fed into the system, which has been trained using a large dataset of retinal images, including those showing different stages of DR.
- Feature Extraction: The VAE processes these images, learning to capture and condense the important features that indicate the presence and severity of DR. This step is crucial because it allows the system to focus on the subtle details that might signify early stages of the disease.
- Classification: The deep learning classifier then takes these features and classifies the severity of DR. It provides a diagnosis, categorising the condition as no DR, mild, moderate, or severe. The system could also flag cases that need urgent attention, helping prioritise patient care.
- Clinical Decision Support: The results are presented to the healthcare provider through an intuitive interface. This tool could be used in clinics, especially in areas with limited access to specialised eye care, allowing general practitioners or technicians to screen for DR and refer patients for further treatment if needed.
Social Implications:
- Increased Access to Early Detection: By automating the detection of diabetic retinopathy, this technology can be deployed in remote or underserved areas where access to specialists is limited. Early detection is key to preventing vision loss, and this tool can make screening more accessible, especially in communities with high rates of diabetes.
- Reduced Healthcare Costs: Early detection and treatment of diabetic retinopathy can prevent the progression to more severe stages, reducing the need for expensive treatments like surgery or long-term care for blindness. This could lower healthcare costs for both patients and the healthcare system.
- Empowering Healthcare Providers: The tool can support general healthcare providers in making more accurate diagnoses, reducing the burden on specialists and allowing them to focus on more complex cases. This democratizes eye care, making it possible for more people to get the care they need without long delays.
- Improved Patient Outcomes: With more accurate and timely diagnosis, patients can receive treatment sooner, leading to better health outcomes and preserving vision. This can significantly enhance the quality of life for individuals with diabetes, who might otherwise suffer from preventable blindness.
- Ethical Considerations: While technology offers many benefits, it also raises ethical questions about the use of AI in healthcare, such as ensuring that the system is fair, transparent, and does not introduce biases. Continuous monitoring and updates would be necessary to ensure the system remains accurate and equitable.
Future Research Plans
- Improving Model Robustness and Generalization: Enhance the VAE and deep learning classifier’s ability to generalize across diverse populations and imaging conditions.
- Incorporating Multimodal Data: Integrate additional data sources, such as patient medical history, blood sugar levels, and genetic information, to improve diagnostic accuracy.
- Real-Time Implementation and Mobile Integration: Adapt the system for real-time analysis and deploy it on mobile devices.
- Collaboration with Clinical Trials: Validate the AI system’s effectiveness through collaboration with clinical trials.
- Honouring the Founder’s Legacy: Celebrating the Vision and Impact of an Inspiring Leader August 27, 2024
On August 24, 2024, SRM University-AP commemorated a significant event marking the 85th Birthday of the esteemed Founder Chancellor of the SRM Group, Dr T R Paarivendhar, celebrating his visionary leadership and contributions. In honour of this day, and reinforcing the ethos of sustainability and environmental consciousness, the university launched “Prerna Vanam,” a plantation-drive initiative.This annual initiative served as a testament to the varsity’s ongoing efforts to contribute positively to the environment, aligning with global sustainability goals and the founder’s visionary ideals. As we face the challenges of global warming, the varsity comes together to combat climate change, support biodiversity, and ensure a sustainable future. The event held at the university campus was attended by students, staff, and faculty members of the university and helped set a practical example of how institutions can play a pivotal role in making the world a better place for future generations by investing in ecological sustainability.
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- A Display of Victory and Freedom: 78th Independence Day Celebrations August 27, 2024
SRM University-AP signalled the commencement of the 78th Independence Day festivities filled with pride and patriotic magnificence by hoisting the national flag. Vice Chancellor Prof. Manoj K Arora did the honours by highlighting the progress made by our country in the past 77 years and the leaps that SRM University-AP has taken since its origin. He emphasised the tremendous hard work everyone has done to achieve this scale of independence and success for the country and the society.
In his speech, Prof. Arora recalled the various triumphs and advancements that India has attained till now. He addressed the different important qualities a student needs to have to succeed and further proved how these qualities are imparted in SRM University-AP through its curriculum, course plans, and innovative pedagogy. He also called attention to the support of the maintenance staff, security, housekeeping personnel, and construction workers, without whom the stellar progress of the University couldn’t have been possible.
Dr R Premkumar, Registrar, Deans of all schools, Directors, faculty, staff, and students also participated in this wonderful celebration of patriotism.
The programme also encapsulated awe-inspiring stories of the past by the Theatre Club, a stimulating dance performance by the Dance Community, mesmerising performances by the Music Club and a splendid parade organised by Campus Life Management.
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- Nurturing Vision, Inspiring Futures: 2nd Alumni Meet Celebrated August 27, 2024
SRM University-AP conducted its 2nd Virtual Alumni Meet on August 24, 2024, coinciding with the birthday celebration of the Founder Chancellor of SRM Group, Dr T R Paarivendhar.
The meet attracted a diverse group of alumni, including South Indian film actress and former SRM student Ms Iswarya Menon, who served as the chief guest. Vice Chancellor Prof. Manoj K Arora addressed the alumni with a compelling message about their role in shaping the future. He emphasised the importance of alumni involvement, stating, “Your contributions are crucial as we work towards becoming a developed nation by 2047.” Prof. Arora highlighted how the alumni’s active participation in building an alumni corpus and supporting the university will play a key role in driving the institution’s progress and fostering future generations of leaders.
He further noted that the alumni’s continued engagement not only benefits the university but also strengthens the support network available to current and future students, ensuring the sustained success of the varsity’s mission of excellence.
Chief Guest Ms Iswarya Menon, a former SRM student, expressed her heartfelt gratitude to the institution. “The guidance and support I received from SRM have been pivotal in my career development. I am truly grateful for the foundation laid here, which has significantly shaped my professional journey.”
The group of former students communicated their profound appreciation for the varsity, emphasising the significant impact it has had on their lives. They reaffirmed their commitment to actively support the university’s various initiatives and to aid in its continued growth and success.
Dr Satish Anamalamudi, Assistant Director-Alumni Relations, acknowledged the importance of alumni engagement. He remarked, “Your continued connection with SRM University-AP is essential for our growth and success.”
The event was further enlivened by performances from both alumni and current students, adding a dynamic and festive atmosphere that showcased the vibrant spirit and creativity at SRM University-AP. Registrar Dr R Premkumar, along with the deans and faculty, attended the gathering, reinforcing the strong and enduring bond between SRM University-AP and its alumni.
Continue reading → - SRM University-AP Celebrates Janmashtami with Devotion and Joy August 27, 2024
Sweeter than honey, tastier than curd, pleasanter indeed than any happiness, and joy is the company, is the power of the name of Krishna. Janmashtami is celebrated as the birthday of Lord Krishna, one of the most powerful and famous reincarnations of Lord Vishnu.To seek the blessings of Lord Krishna, the Directorate of Student Affairs at SRM University-AP celebrated Janmashtami on August 23, 2024, with mirth and joy. The campus was filled with the fragrance of flowers, the soothing aroma of camphor, and the jingle of bells, creating a divine atmosphere.
While the religious significance of Janmashtami was deeply honoured, the day also symbolised much more for modern India. It was a day of excitement, euphoria, and a joyous spirit of enthrallment. The celebration brought together devotion, creativity, enjoyment, and fun.
Additionally, the event featured a captivating story recital narrating Lord Krishna’s divine leelas, which enchanted the audience. Devotional singing by the devotees of ISKCON further elevated the spiritual ambience, making the celebration truly memorable. The Janmashtami celebration wasn’t just a series of events; it was a testament to the power of unity, tradition, and the true spirit of Janmashtami. The Auditorium was alive with laughter and enthusiasm during the fun activities, complemented by the elegant area adorned for Krishna Pujan, creating a serene backdrop for our spiritual observance.
This event beautifully showcased the ability of communal celebrations to bring our community together, fostering an appreciation for the significance of Lord Krishna’s birth in a joyous and meaningful manner. As we reflect on the joy and unity of Janmashtami 2024, our hope is that the blessings of Lord Krishna continue to guide and inspire our community throughout the year.
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