A Novel System for Breast Cancer Diagnosis
Faculty duo from the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dr Anirban Ghosh and Dr Sunil Chinnadurai, along with their research cohort, Phanindra Rayapudi Venkata, Baswala Srujana, Gadde Saranya, and Abburi Sowgandhi (B.Tech. ECE students) have published their patent titled “A System and Method for Breast Cancer Diagnosis” (Application number: 202441088356). Their cutting-edge research presents a system to help diagnose breast cancer more accurately and efficiently using advanced image analysis techniques.
Abstract
The present disclosure discloses a system for diagnosing breast cancer that utilizes topological data analysis to transform mammogram images into meaningful diagnostic insights. It includes a data preprocessing module for image standardization and enhancement and a feature extraction module to create histograms for topological analysis. The topological data analysis module converts these histograms into Persistent Homology Diagrams (PHDs) representing topological features. An Earth Mover’s Distance (EMD) matrix is generated by a similarity metric module to compare PHDs. Representative PHDs are identified using a representative selection module, enabling accurate classification by the classification module. The system’s performance is assessed through various metrics by a performance analysis module, and a web service module provides an intuitive interface for users to upload images and receive diagnostic results. This approach enhances breast cancer detection by focusing on persistent topological features, offering improved precision and interpretability.

Figure 1. Conversion of mammograms into PHDs
Explanation of the Research in Layperson’s Terms
Here’s how the system works in simple terms:
1. Preparing the Images: Mammogram images are cleaned and adjusted to ensure they’re clear and easy to analyse. The focus is on areas that might show signs of cancer.
2. Extracting Patterns: The system looks for patterns in the images that could indicate healthy or unhealthy tissue. It turns these patterns into a visual map that represents the shape and structure of the tissue.
3. Analysing Shapes: The system uses math to study how these shapes appear and disappear as the image details change. The most persistent shapes (important ones) are kept, and random noise is ignored.
4. Comparing Images: A tool measures how similar or different these patterns are between images. This helps the system group them into healthy or cancerous categories.
5. Making a Decision: The system compares a new mammogram to its library of known patterns to decide whether it’s likely healthy or shows signs of cancer.
6. Easy to Use: Doctors can upload an image to a web-based tool and quickly get results, complete with visual explanations.
This system helps doctors by making the diagnosis process faster, more reliable, and easier to understand, which can lead to earlier and better treatment for breast cancer.
Practical Implementation/Social Implications of the Research
This research enhances breast cancer detection by enabling earlier, more accurate diagnoses and improving survival rates. Its web-based tool ensures access to advanced diagnostics in remote and underserved areas, reducing disparities in healthcare. Supporting radiologists with objective insights minimizes errors and workload, especially in resource-limited settings. Patients benefit from faster, clearer results, leading to timely and cost-effective treatment. Additionally, the innovative methods could inspire advancements in diagnosing other diseases, driving broader medical progress and improving global health outcomes.
Future Research Plans
Future research could expand this system to detect other diseases like lung or liver cancer, improve diagnostic accuracy by reducing false results, and integrate multimodal data for comprehensive analysis. Incorporating patient-specific information for personalized risk assessments, creating self-learning models, and optimizing computational efficiency could enhance its adaptability. Large-scale global trials and user-friendly interfaces would ensure effective implementation across diverse populations and healthcare systems, making the technology more versatile, accessible, and impactful.
- Published in Departmental News, ECE NEWS, News, Research News
The Anxiety of Indianness in the Making of Sindhi Literature
Very often, it is assumed that the “vernacular” language texts in India do not undergo any anxiety of proving themselves Indian while works written in English do. In her research paper, “A Literature of Frustration and Failure”: The Anxiety of Indianness in the Making of Sindhi Literature as an Indian Literature”, published in the esteemed Q2 journal Journal of Sindhi Studies, Dr Soni Wadhwa, Assistant Professor, Department of Literature and Languages, focuses on Sindhi post literary activity that unfolded in the first 20 years after independence to show that Sindhi has a history of going through anxiety of belonging in India.
Abstract
Studies of Partition frequently turn to literature to understand how displacement processes, among other things, impact aesthetics and representation. The article takes a broader view of aesthetics as representation: it demonstrates how turning to the literary archive of a moment and a community gives rise to questions about the politics of individual texts and literary historiography. Centred on Sindhi literature produced in India after Partition, it shows that examining the literary productivity of the community needs to involve questions of literature as political survival. It focuses on the earliest essays from the Sindhi literary scene in India (published in the Sahitya Akademi journal Indian Literature). The article argues that these essays register anxiety about the survival of a language trying to come into being in an already existing and complicated language-nation relationship. It unpacks three registers of anxiety visible in the literary archive to broaden the scope of the conversations around the Sindhi language and its literature.
This research has been conducted to advance interest in and conversations around Sindhi literature in India. Since Sindhi does not have a state in India, most people are not aware that it exists as a language and that it has a rich literary tradition.
After this article, Dr Soni Wadhwa intends to explore different writers, themes, and movements in Sindhi literature.
Collaborations
The research has been funded by George Mason University.
- Published in Departmental News, English Current Happenings, English news, News, Research News
Interdisciplinary Research on Groundwater Fluoride Contamination
Assistant Professors – Dr Kousik Das, Dr Harish Puppala, Associate Professor- Dr Pankaj Pathak, Uttiya Dey, along with Research Scholars – Mr Mijanur Mondal, Ms Sudeshna Chell, Ms Sumana Dutta, and Ms Pankaj Kumar come up with an interdisciplinary research breakthrough in their paper, “Community-Level Vulnerability of Groundwater Fluoride Contamination and Exposure by the Application of Multi-Criteria Model.” The authors examine fluoride exposure in villages like Chintal Cheruvu, Rompicherla, Shantamangalur, Thimmapur, and Nadendla.
Abstract
Elevated fluoride (F⁻) levels in groundwater, primarily due to geogenic processes, pose significant health risks, including dental and skeletal fluorosis and neurological disorders. This study aimed to quantify source-dependent F⁻ exposure at the community level in selected tropical dry regions of Andhra Pradesh, India. These locations include Chintal Cheruvu, Rompicharala, Shantamangalur, Thimmapur, and Nadendla. Community surveys and drinking water sample analyses were conducted in these regions. Dental Fluorosis Index (DFI) used to estimate exposure levels across age and sex groups. Findings of surveys indicate that groundwater consumption with high F⁻ (4.3 mg/L) results in the highest exposure dose (0.62 mg/kg/day), with Chintal Cheruvu identified as the most affected. A strong positive correlation was observed between exposure dose, water F⁻ content, and the Community Fluorosis Index (CFI). Dental fluorosis prevalence exceeded 80% across all age groups, and household surveys revealed 100% unawareness of F⁻ exposure risks. The magnitude of FII for Chintal Cheruvu is 0.563 which is highest among the considered regions indicating that it is most impacted region that needs remedial measures first in the hierarchy. Rompicharala with FII as 0.252, Nadendla (0.223), Shantamangalur (0.214), and Thimmapur (0.188) follows the hierarchy.
Explanation in layperson’s terms.
The outcome of the study concludes that regionally most of the places of Andhra Pradesh is affected the by the groundwater fluoride contamination. People are getting affected by the consumption of high fluoridated water which is visible from the dental fluorosis. The area is having high groundwater fluoride is having highest severe dental fluorosis cases. Among the villages, Chintal Cheruvu had the highest fluoride level while Thimmapur had the lowest. Signs of dental fluorosis were most noticeable among younger individuals who are still developing. The exposure dose varied across villages, with Chintal Cheruvu having the highest exposure dose followed by Rompicharala. Other symptoms of fluorosis, such as skin allergies and body pain are also predominant. Most villages had alternative sources of drinking water, except for Chintal Cheruvu, where residents continued to use contaminated water due to a lack of alternatives. There is a clear link between lack of awareness about fluoride toxicity and higher exposure levels as apparent from the questionnaire survey.
Practical /Social Implications
The immediate action is necessary to reduce fluoride exposure, provide safe drinking water, and raise awareness about fluoride toxicity to meet sustainable development goals by 2030. The findings highlight the need for integrated approaches combining mitigation, education, and sustainable practices to tackle fluoride contamination and improve the overall well-being of affected communities.
- Published in CIVIL NEWS, Departmental News, ENVS News, News, Research News
Dr Sushmita on Media, Marketing, and Management in Sports
Dr Sushmita Kumari, Assistant Director of Sports, has authored a book titled “Media, Marketing, and Management in Sports: A Unified Approach.” Her publication presents a thorough examination of the pivotal roles that media relations, marketing strategies, and public relations play within the sports industry. Aimed at both students and professionals, the book delivers valuable perspectives on fan engagement, sponsorship dynamics, and effective crisis management. Through the use of real-world examples, Dr Sushmita highlights the transformative influence of digital media and the necessity for global adaptability in sports communication, making it an indispensable resource for anyone aspiring to succeed in the field of Sports.
Abstract:
The book, provides a comprehensive exploration of sports communication and management. It highlights the significance of media relations, marketing strategies, and public relations in shaping the success and image of sports entities. By integrating real-world examples, it delves into the interplay of traditional and digital platforms, showcasing their role in fan engagement, sponsorships, and crisis management. The content equips readers with the knowledge and skills necessary to navigate the evolving landscape of sports media and branding.
Target Audience:
The book is designed for students and professionals in sports management, communication, and media industries. It caters to academics, sports enthusiasts, PR practitioners, and industry leaders who seek to enhance their expertise in sports branding, marketing, and public relations.
Collaboration Details:
Acknowledgments highlight the contributions of mentors, colleagues, students, and industry experts, emphasizing the book’s foundation in academic and practical insights. It also includes case studies and experiences from media professionals, enhancing its relevance and applicability.
Social or Practical Implications:
- Digital Transformation: The book addresses the transformative power of social and digital media in fan interaction and brand promotion.
- Crisis Management: It provides strategies for managing crises in sports, ensuring sustained reputation and stakeholder trust.
- Global Engagement: It emphasizes the importance of adapting to globalization and cultural sensitivities in sports communication.
- Sponsorship Dynamics: Insights into sponsorship management underline its role in generating revenue and aligning brand values.
- Published in News, Research News, Sports News