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In a recent development, Dr Sanjay Kumar, Assistant Professor in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, along with a team comprising N Ujwala, J Yashwanth Sri Ram, J Lakshmi Prasanna Kumar, and K Heman Rai Choudhary, have successfully filed and published an innovative invention in the Patent Office Journal titled “SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DISCRETE WAVELET TRANSFORM (DWT)-BASED SECURE IMAGE WATERMARKING” with the application number “202441045387”.

This invention holds great promise in the field of digital image security and watermarking. The patented system and method are based on the discrete wavelet transform (DWT), a widely used signal processing technique, to embed secure watermarks into digital images. The application of DWT ensures that the watermarking process is robust and secure, making it suitable for a wide range of applications where image integrity and authenticity need to be ensured.

Dr Sanjay Kumar’s expertise as an Assistant Professor, coupled with the team’s skills and dedication, has resulted in the successful development and patenting of this cutting-edge technology. The “SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DISCRETE WAVELET TRANSFORM (DWT)-BASED SECURE IMAGE WATERMARKING” promises to be a significant addition to the field of digital image security and watermarking, offering enhanced protection against unauthorised tampering and misuse of digital images. It is expected that this invention will garner attention from industry professionals, researchers, and policymakers, paving the way for its integration into diverse digital imaging systems.

Abstract

Our research introduces a robust image watermarking technique that combines Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and chaotic map-based encryption. The method analyzes high-frequency sub-bands derived from DWT applied to the blue channel of an RGB image, selecting the block with the highest energy for embedding a grayscale watermark encrypted with the Henon Map. The alpha blending technique is used to integrate the encrypted watermark, ensuring both imperceptibility and robustness. The method achieves an average PSNR of 43.7211 dB and SSIM of 0.9950. The watermark can be extracted by analyzing patterns in the high-frequency component, even after various attacks, using inverse DWT and Henon Map for decryption.

Explanation of the Patent in Layperson’s Terms
Our research focuses on protecting digital images by embedding a hidden watermark that is hard to remove. We use a mathematical method called the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) to break down an image into different parts and find the best place to hide the watermark. The watermark is further secured by encrypting it with a technique called the Henon Map. Our method ensures that the watermark remains invisible to the naked eye while being resistant to tampering. This means the watermark can be detected and recovered even if the image is altered.

Practical Implementation and the Social Implications

The primary application of our research is in protecting the ownership and integrity of digital images. This technique can be used by photographers, artists, and digital content creators to ensure their work is not copied or altered without permission. By embedding a secure, invisible watermark, they can prove ownership and detect unauthorised use. Additionally, this method can be applied in sensitive fields such as medical imaging and legal documents where tamper detection is crucial.

Collaborations

This research was conducted by the Visual Information Processing Lab at the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, SRM University AP, Guntur, India. The team comprised Nadella Ujwala, Sanjay Kumar, Jayyavarapu Yaswanth Sri Ram, Jetti Lakshmi Prasanna Kumar, and Katragadda Heman Rai Choudhary.

Future Research Plans

Our future research will focus on enhancing the watermarking technique’s robustness against more sophisticated attacks, exploring real-time applications in video watermarking, and developing methods to embed multiple watermarks in a single image. We also aim to reduce the computational complexity to make the algorithm more efficient for practical applications.

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The Office of the Dean-Research and IPR Cell at SRM University-AP hosted a highly impactful 3-day Workshop on “Research Commercialisation.” The workshop was graced by industry expert Mr Rakesh Sharma, a leading figure in business restructuring and global marketing. Mr Sharma with his notable experience of 38 years at Philips, imparted valuable insights on innovation, venture development, and commercialisation.

The workshop was attended by faculty and research scholars, all keen on understanding the intricacies of research commercialisation. The inaugural ceremony of the workshop was highlighted by the felicitation of Mr Sharma by the Vice Chancellor, Prof. Manoj K Arora, along with Prof. Ranjit Thapa, Dean—Research; Deans of the three schools; Prof. G S Vinodkumar, Coordinator—IPR Cell & Convenor of this workshop; and other senior faculty members.

In his address, Prof. Manoj K Arora underscored the critical role of research, he urged the attendees to “think differently and change your mindset to unlock the boundless potential of your research and innovation.” He engaged with faculty and research scholars, seeking their perspectives. Prof. Ranjith Thapa, the Dean of Research, presented an overview of the varsity’s research capabilities, spotlighting its achievements in Q1 publications and patents across different departments.

Day 1– The workshop kicked off with Mr Sharma encouraging participants to voice their queries and concerns about commercialisation. Key discussion points covered included linking university research with practical applications, the transformation of patents and research into industry-ready products, understanding market needs, fundraising for research projects, and leveraging humanities and liberal arts in patent implementation. Mr Sharma engaged with each of the queries and closely explained to the students with simple and easy-to-understand examples, thereby making the session worthwhile and interesting.

Day 2—Scholars had the opportunity to present their published and granted patents. They received constructive feedback from faculty and Mr Sharma and understood how these patents could be further developed for commercialisation, thereby leading to fruitful discussions on improving and materialising these ideas.

Day 3– A significant outcome of the workshop was the proposal to establish a new centre for research commercialisation designed to offer students an in-house pathway to commercialise their patents. This initiative received widespread acclaim from all participants and sparked engaging discussions about transforming research into viable business ventures, facilitated by the session by the Director of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, Mr Sidharth Shankar Tripathy.

The workshop offered a crucial platform for students, offering both inspiration and guidance in their pursuit of entrepreneurship. The event was specifically designed for all PhD Scholars who are currently working on their research papers and looking for ways to commercialise their innovative ideas, projects, or inventions.

Through a series of expert-led sessions, interactive discussions, and networking opportunities, students were encouraged to think critically about their project’s potential impact, market readiness, and the pathways to achieving sustainable business growth.

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As you navigate through subjects like Biological Psychology, Social Psychology, and Cognitive Psychology, you’ll gain profound insights into the intricacies of the human psyche. But the allure of a BSc in Psychology extends far beyond the classroom.

With the demand for clinical and counselling psychologists projected to surge by 11% by 2032, this degree opens doors to a multitude of fulfilling career pathways. Whether you aspire to guide individuals through life’s challenges as a clinical psychologist or provide empathetic support as a counselling psychologist, the opportunities are boundless.

You can join this extraordinary academic odyssey, where you’ll not only expand your intellectual horizons with BSc Psychology subjects but also embark on a rewarding journey of personal and professional growth.

BSc Psychology Subjects Lists

Here’s a list of common subjects typically included in a BSc Psychology programme:

Introduction to Psychology

Biological Psychology

Cognitive Psychology

Developmental Psychology

Social Psychology

Abnormal Psychology

Personality Psychology

Statistics for Psychology

Research Methods in Psychology

Psychological Testing and Assessment

Clinical Psychology

Counselling Psychology

Industrial-Organisational Psychology

Health Psychology

Forensic Psychology

Cross-Cultural Psychology

Neuropsychology

Educational Psychology

Positive Psychology

Environmental Psychology

Keep in mind that the specific subjects offered may vary depending on the university and the curriculum structure of the BSc Psychology programme.

BSc Psychology Syllabus

Given below is the year-wise subject and syllabus of BSc Psychology:

Graduates with a Materials and Manufacturing MTech degree can access rewarding and well-paying positions in areas such as,

• 1. Aerospace engineering
  2. Automotive engineering
  3. Biomedical engineering

– that require expertise in materials and manufacturing technology.

The practical knowledge gained from Materials and Manufacturing MTech studies can help develop new materials for use in production pipelines or create innovative manufacturing processes that streamline production times whilst improving quality control, making the Materials and Manufacturing MTech degree beneficial to the individual graduate and employers alike.

• Surplus Opportunities to Work on Research Projects

Pursuing an MTech degree provides opportunities to work on research projects, which can create networking opportunities and help you hone your skills.

For example, Thermal MTech students get to explore the fascinating field of Thermal engineering, such as Thermal design and Thermal analysis.

They also get to work on projects related to,

• 1. Thermal energy management
  2. Thermal systems design
  3. Thermal control systems.
• The Bright Side of Thermal Engineering

Working on research projects in Thermal engineering can also give students an edge in the industry as it enhances their understanding of Thermal principles and technologies.

Valuable industry experience and essential connections in the Thermal engineering field through their research work.

All these advantages make pursuing an MTech degree worthwhile for those interested in Thermal engineering.

MTech provides invaluable insight into the latest breakthroughs and technologies in your field, helping you stay ahead of the curve.

Studying for an MTech can provide immense advantages for those in the technological field, particularly IoT technologies. Not only does it offer the opportunity to gain higher qualifications and broaden skills, but it can also provide invaluable insight into the latest IoT breakthroughs and technologies, helping students stay ahead of the curve.

• The Perks of an MTech in VLSI

An MTech in VLSI will allow you to develop advanced knowledge and skills, making a VLSI engineer highly sought after in many industries. As a VLSI engineer, you can work with hardware design, device fabrication, circuit design and debugging, amongst other skills, which will give you a competitive edge over other job applicants.

• Possibilities of the Internet of Things (IoT)

IoT (Internet of Things) related coursework provides students with comprehensive technical and practical insight into IoT systems development. Technical topics like IoT architecture, IoT standards and IoT security are taught in detail, enabling those who complete the program to gain specialised knowledge in the IoT domain.

Furthermore, the programme also typically offers a research-based thesis which enables students to apply their IOT skills to real-world problems. In this way, MTech programmes provide an excellent opportunity for students to understand IoT systems and technologies deeply.

What to Expect From an MTech Degree?

• 1. Opportunity to develop their professional skills through hands-on projects and internships
  2. Opportunity to become experts in Data Science and its associated technologies.
  3. Data Science is a rapidly evolving field, and an MTech will provide the guidance needed to stay current and be at the forefront of Data Science development.
  4. Provides students with the ability to gain a deeper understanding of Data Science and its applications, which can help them get better jobs or progress their careers.

Where Will You Be After graduation?

Upon graduation, MTech graduates are highly sought after in the job market, with many top companies offering competitive salaries for those with an MTech degree.

Furthermore, an MTech degree is a tremendous advantage as Thermal graduates are highly sought after in the job market.

Thermal graduates have specialised knowledge, making them more attractive to companies and often offered competitive salaries.

An MTech degree provides Thermal graduates with unique skills and qualifications that make them stand out in the job market and ensure they have a competitive advantage over other applicants.

Making the Most of Your MTech Degree; Yes That’s What Makes the difference!

With an MTech degree, you can pursue a plethora of career options.

What are the Most Coveted Career Options After MTech?

• • 1. Engineering
    2. Research and development
    3. Data science
    4. Materials and Manufacturing

• The Scope of Materials and Manufacturing

Materials and Manufacturing are two areas often explored in an MTech course.

• • 1. Provide you with knowledge of materials used in industries and hands-on experience working with them.
    2. Access to other related fields, such as chemical engineering and robotics.
    3. Enable you to develop expertise in manufacturing processes, including production planning, cost control and product design.
    4. On completing the degree, you can embark on a career as a Materials and Manufacturing Engineer with high growth prospects.
    5. Exclusive job opportunities in the government sector.

• The Future of MTech in VLSI

MTech in VLSI empowers students to get VLSI-related roles in the government and even industries like Aerospace, Medical electronics, Automotive industry, etc.

VLSI has become a popular technology due to its versatility in processing large amounts of data without lags. With the proper knowledge and specialised skillset gained through the course, you will be able to face the challenges of a competitive job market more confidently.

What is Stopping You From Grabbing That MTech Degree!

Pursuing an MTech degree can be a rewarding experience. It is an opportunity to gain the skills and knowledge needed to pursue specialised careers in your field of study.

With a vast range of opportunities that come with gaining an MTech degree, it is worth considering if you’re looking for specialised training and education.

With hard work and dedication, you can find great success in your chosen career after completing your MTech degree!

You are just a click away from pursuing your dream MTech Degree! Apply Now!

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SRM University-AP signs an MOU with the Association for Scientific Pursuits in Innovative Research BioNEST (ASPIRE BioNEST) of the University of Hyderabad, facilitating a dynamic transformation in the innovation and entrepreneurial ecosystem of the institute. Prof. S Rajagopal, Director ASPIRE BioNEST and Dr R Premkumar, Registrar, SRM University-AP signed the MOU in the presence of Dr Anil Kondreddy, COO, ASPIRE BioNEST, Prof. Jayaseelan Murugaiyan, Associate Dean-Sciences, SRM University-AP and Dr Pitchaiah Cherukuri, Assistant Professor, SRM University-AP.

The agreement will ensure guidance and support from ASPIRE BioNEST in establishing, operating and maintaining the best innovation and incubation practices at the SRM AP incubation centres. ASPIRE BioNEST will also provide support in selection of incubates/start-ups, finalising facilities/designs, procurement of instruments and help in formulating guidelines and policies for operating incubation centres at the university.

The MOU is a significant milestone for the young innovators and venturers at SRM AP as ASPIRE BioNEST will furnish internship opportunities with incubatees and startups at ASPIRE, mentor support for startups, collaboration in applying for grant proposals and raising funds, and training and skill development programmes.

Vice Chancellor, Prof. Manoj K Arora expressed his ardour on the collaboration. He stated that “ASPIRE BioNEST is one of the Best Bio-incubator where most of the innovative research is translated into technologies. As an institute that prioritise innovation and entrepreneurship, this MOU will stimulate and enrich SRM University-AP’s entrepreneurial culture, helping us to become one of the preferred incubation and innovation centres in Andhra Pradesh.”

ASPIRE BioNEST of the University of Hyderabad is a deep-tech life sciences incubator established in 2018 with the support of BIRAC, Government of India and ASPIRE, a section 8 non-profit company established by University of Hyderabad. One of the key objectives of ASPIRE BioNEST is to provide support and guidance, including technological, professional and collaborative inputs to help other incubation centres raise their entrepreneurial culture. With the agreement, both SRM University-AP and ASPIRE BioNEST have undertaken to synergistically support each other in the larger interest of innovation and entrepreneurship.

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In a significant development for the field of artificial intelligence and sustainable technologies, Dr Subhankar Ghatak, Dr Aurobindo Behera, Assistant Professor, and Ms Samah Maaheen Sayyad, an undergraduate student from the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, have collectively filed a patent for an “Artificial Intelligence (AI) Enabled Refrigeration System.” The patent, bearing the Application Number 202441036548, has been officially published in the Patent Office Journal, marking a milestone in their academic and research careers.
This innovative refrigeration system promises to enhance efficiency and reduce energy consumption, potentially revolutionising the way we preserve food and other perishables. The team’s dedication to integrating AI into practical applications is a testament to their commitment to advancing technology for the betterment of society. The academic community and industry experts alike are eagerly anticipating further details on the implementation and impact of this patented technology.

Abstract
The invention is an advanced smart and AI-enabled refrigerator that seamlessly integrates device and software components. Key features include automatic quantity detection, a reminder system, a spoiler alert system, an inbuilt voice system, an inbuilt barcode scanner, an emotion detection system, and a personalised recipe recommendation system based on user preferences, weather conditions, season, location, and precise quantity measurements.

Research in Layperson’s Terms
The invention represents a groundbreaking improvement in traditional refrigerators, providing a new and enriched user experience through AI integration. It addresses food management, user interaction, and personalised recipe recommendations, incorporating user preferences, weather considerations, seasonal variations, location-specific nuances, and accurate quantity measurements.

Practical implementation and the social implications associated with it

The practical implementation of the “AN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) ENABLED REFRIGERATION SYSTEM ” involves the seamless integration of advanced hardware and sophisticated AI algorithms to create an intelligent and user-friendly refrigerator. The following steps outline the practical implementation:

Hardware Integration:
Sensors: Install advanced sensors, including thermistors for temperature, humidity sensors, barcode scanners, ultrasonic quantity measurement sensors, cameras, spoilage identification sensors, level sensors, defrost sensors, and weight sensors within the refrigerator compartments.
Voice and Emotion Detection Modules: Incorporate a microphone and speaker system for voice interaction and integrate cameras and emotion analysis algorithms for facial recognition and emotion detection.
Connectivity Components: Equip the refrigerator with Wi-Fi or Bluetooth modules to enable seamless data transfer and communication with other smart devices.
Processor and Memory: Utilize a powerful processor and ample memory to support AI algorithms, data processing, and smooth operation.
Display Panel: Implement an LED or touchscreen display for user interaction, providing real-time information and control over the refrigerator’s functionalities.

Software Development:
AI Algorithms: Develop and integrate AI algorithms for automatic quantity detection using computer vision, sentiment analysis for emotion detection, and collaborative filtering for personalised recipe recommendations.
Natural Language Processing (NLP): Implement NLP algorithms to enable the inbuilt voice system to understand and respond to user commands effectively.
Image Recognition Software: Utilize image recognition software to accurately read barcodes and analyse visual data from the integrated cameras.
Connectivity Software: Develop software protocols to ensure reliable wireless communication between the refrigerator and other devices or cloud services.
User Interface Software: Design a user-friendly interface for the display panel, allowing users to interact with and manage refrigerator contents easily.

Social Implications:
The “AI Enabled Refrigeration System” invention has several profound social implications:

1. Reduction in Food Wastage: The automatic quantity detection, reminder system, and spoilage alert system significantly reduce food wastage by ensuring that users are alerted about unused items and potential spoilage. This contributes to more efficient food management and a reduction in household food waste, addressing a critical global issue.

2. Enhanced Food Safety and Health: By providing real-time alerts about food spoilage and precise quantity measurements, the invention ensures that users consume fresh and safe food. This minimizes health risks associated with consuming spoiled food and promotes overall well-being.

3. Personalized Dietary Support: The personalized recipe recommendation system caters to individual dietary preferences and requirements, promoting healthier eating habits. By suggesting recipes based on user preferences, weather conditions, seasonality, and location, the system encourages balanced and nutritious meal planning.

4. Convenience and Efficiency: The inbuilt voice system, emotion detection, and intuitive user interface enhance the convenience and efficiency of managing refrigerator contents. Users can easily access information, receive reminders, and interact with the refrigerator, making food storage and preparation more streamlined.

5. Technological Advancements: The integration of advanced AI technologies in everyday appliances like refrigerators represents a significant step forward in smart home innovation. This can drive further advancements in the field, encouraging the development of more intelligent and interconnected household devices.

6. Environmental Impact: By promoting efficient food management and reducing wastage, the invention indirectly contributes to environmental sustainability. Less food waste translates to lower carbon footprints and reduced strain on food production resources, aligning with global efforts to combat climate change.

Overall, the “AI Enabled Refrigeration System” invention not only offers practical benefits in terms of food management and user convenience but also holds significant social implications by promoting health, reducing waste, and advancing technological innovation in household appliances.

Future Research Plans

Building on the innovative foundation of the “AN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) ENABLED REFRIGERATION SYSTEM, ” future research plans involve enhancing the AI algorithms for even greater accuracy in food quantity detection, spoilage prediction and personalised recipe recommendations. This includes exploring more advanced machine learning techniques and incorporating real-time feedback mechanisms to continuously refine the system’s performance. Additionally, research will focus on integrating the refrigerator with broader smart home ecosystems, allowing for seamless interaction with other smart appliances and IoT devices to create a fully connected kitchen experience. Investigations into more sustainable and energy-efficient sensor technologies will also be pursued to further reduce the environmental footprint of the device. Finally, extensive user studies will be conducted to gather feedback and insights, ensuring that the next iterations of the refrigerator are even more aligned with consumer needs and preferences, ultimately driving widespread adoption and maximising the social benefits of this technology.

Pictures Related to the Research

Fig 1: Schematic Arrangement of various Components for adequate operation of the proposed scheme

Fig 2: Schematic Arrangement of various Components for user interaction

Fig 3: Schematic representation of working of various components in the freezer system

 

• Pointer Number-27: Spoilage Detection Sensor (19) detects the item that is being spoiled and maps to particular item for alerting the user with the help of the capturing Device (01) and the info associated with that particular item like Expiry date etc.
• Pointer Number-28: The Ultra Sonic Quantity Measurement Sensor (06) senses the quantity of the ITEM “x” (24), and the camera (01) is used to identify what is ITEM “x” through (23).
• Pointer Number-29: Weight Sensor (07), using newly captured item ITEM “x” (24) by capturing device (01), identifies the weight of that item by subtracting the weight obtained after the addition of that item with the initial holding by the cabinet and attaching the value with corresponding ITEM “x” (24).
• Pointer Number-30: Barcode Scanner (12) scans the Barcode associated with the item and maps the corresponding information with that particular item with the help of the capturing device (01).
• Port Number-31: Mobile Application.

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